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==Independent India== [[File:Chaudhari Charan Singh-2.jpg|thumb|200px|Chaudhary Charan Singh]] In 1952, he became the Revenue Minister of the state of [[Uttar Pradesh]], the most populous state in independent India. He was dedicated to enforcing and implementing the provisions of the Zamindari Abolition and Land Reform Act of which he was the major architect. It has been argued by leading political scientists that success of Indian Democracy lies in successful implementation of this reform. Pakistan on the other hand did not have similar reforms, and the power is concentrated amongst the few powerful landlords or Zamindar who run their lands as their private fiefdom, and use their influence to further their wealth. Charan Singh opposed Nehru on his Soviet style economic reforms. Charan Singh was of the opinion that cooperative farms would not succeed in India. Being a son of a farmer, Charan Singh opined that the right of ownership was important to the farmer in remaining a cultivator. Charan Singh's political career suffered due to his open criticism of Nehru's economic policy. In 1950's, no one questioned Nehru in India. Chaudhary Charan Singh became an architect of India's national system of agrarian alliances. He brought about the Jat-Muslim political alliance in late 1960s when he was the Chief Minister of UP. He became the chief minister of the state in 67-68 and again in 70. Charan Singh left the Congress party in 1967, and formed his own political party. He had two short stints as Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh in 1967, and later in 1970. In 1975, he was jailed again, but this time by then Indian Prime Minister [[Indira Gandhi]]. She had declared the state of 'Internal Emergency' and jailed all her political opponents. After the Emergency was lifted and the elections for Lok Sabha were held, the Indian people voted her out; and the Janta Party, of which Chaudhary Charan Singh was a senior leader, came into power. He remained committed to the ideal of a homogeneous and inclusive rural people. He was a product of Jat cultural assertion and the [[Arya Samaj]] movement and hence did not use caste as a rallying point. According to him, the Jat interests lay with the interests of the rural population. [[File:Charan Singh with President Neelam Sanjiva Reddy taking auth of vth PM of India on 28.7.1979.jpg|thumb|200px|Charan Singh with President Neelam Sanjiva Reddy taking auth of vth PM of India on 28.7.1979]] In 1977, he allied his peasant and agricultural based Indian Revolutionary Party with the Janata Party of Morarji Desai and served as Home Minister (1977-78) and Deputy Prime Minister (1979) in Desai's coalition government. In July 1979 he became the Prime Minister of India with Congress support. But he resigned shortly afterwards, without facing a trust vote, when Indira Gandhi withdrew support. His speech to the nation on India's Independence Day (August 15, 1979 ) was very prophetic in which he identified Pakistan's nuclear ambition as a major threat to India. He also mentioned that Indian labour laws had to be refined if India were to become competitive in world economy. He also opened high level diplomatic relations with Israel, which Indira Gandhi's government which took office following the 1980 elections, curtailed. It must be remembered that he was the first peasant leader (and the first Jat) to achieve that position. It was not until 1989, when [[Chaudhary Devi Lal]] became the Deputy PM, that any other Jat occupied such a high position and played such a significant role in national politics as he did. Though he was seen by the Jats of western U.P. as their sole benefactor, yet it would be unfair to call him merely a Jat leader. He could be described as a rural leader, whose support base transcended all rural communities. Chaudhary Charan Singh passed away on '''May 29, 1987''' in Delhi and was cremated at [[Kisan Ghat Delhi]]. He was survived by his wife, [[Gayatri Devi]], four daughters (Satya, Vedvati, Gyanvati, Sharda) and one son, [[Chaudhary Ajit Singh|Ajit Singh]].
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