Sardhana
Sardhana (सरधना) is a town located in the Meerut district of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Situated in the northern part of the state, Sardhana is known for its historical significance and cultural heritage.
Being close to Hastinapur, which is also in Meerut district, the capital of Kauravas of Mahabharata, Sardhana is also known for the ancient Mahadev Temple that is believed to be dating from the Mahabharata period. It was here that the Pandavas prayed before leaving for the Lakshagrah, the notorious palace made of lac by Duryodhana, at the confluence of the Hindon and Krishna rivers (Kali River, Kali Nadi). This palace was located at Varnavrat, the present Barnava, where the prince resided with their mother Kunti.[1]
History[edit | edit source]
The history of Sardhana dates back to ancient times, and the town has witnessed the rise and fall of several dynasties and empires. Located in the Meerut district of Uttar Pradesh, India, Sardhana holds significant historical and cultural importance.
Ancient and Medieval Period[edit | edit source]
The origins of Sardhana can be traced to ancient times, and archaeological evidence suggests that the region was inhabited by various early civilizations. During the medieval period, Sardhana came under the influence of various powerful dynasties, including the Mauryas, Guptas, and Mughals.
Begum Samru and European Influence[edit | edit source]
One of the most remarkable chapters in the history of Sardhana is associated with Begum Samru, a prominent figure in the 18th and early 19th centuries. Originally named Farzana Zeb un-Nissa, she was of Armenian descent and converted to Christianity after marrying a European mercenary named Walter Reinhardt Sombre, who later came to be known as 'Sombre Beg' and ultimately 'Begum Samru.'[2][3]
After her husband's death, Begum Samru established herself as a powerful ruler and military leader in the region. She founded the principality of Sardhana and made it her capital. Begum Samru's rule was characterized by shrewd diplomacy and military prowess, and she successfully navigated the complex political landscape of the time.
Sardhana as a European-Style Town[edit | edit source]
Under Begum Samru's patronage, Sardhana underwent significant development, and the town started to reflect a blend of Indian and European architectural styles. European artisans and architects were brought in to construct grand buildings and monuments, creating a unique ambiance that set Sardhana apart from neighboring towns.
The Christian influence during Begum Samru's rule is evident in the construction of the Basilica of Our Lady of Graces, a stunning church that became a symbol of Sardhana's cultural heritage. The basilica stands as a testament to the religious tolerance and artistic patronage of Begum Samru.
British Colonial Era[edit | edit source]
With the decline of the Mughal Empire and the rise of British colonial rule in India, Sardhana came under British suzerainty in the early 19th century. The British recognized Begum Samru's principality, and she continued to exercise significant authority in the region, albeit as a vassal of the British East India Company.
Post-Independence Era[edit | edit source]
After India gained independence in 1947, Sardhana became a part of the newly formed state of Uttar Pradesh. Over the years, the town has continued to grow and modernize while preserving its historical and cultural heritage.
Today, Sardhana remains an important town in the Meerut district, attracting tourists and history enthusiasts with its rich past and architectural wonders.
Geography[edit | edit source]
Sardhana is situated in the Meerut district of the northern Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. The town is located at approximately 29.1475N-77.6222E, and it has an average elevation of about 226 m (741 ft) above sea level.
Topography[edit | edit source]
The town of Sardhana is situated in the fertile plains of the Ganges River basin. The region features alluvial soil, making it suitable for agriculture. The surrounding landscape is predominantly flat, with occasional low-lying areas. The presence of several rivers and streams in the region adds to the agricultural significance of Sardhana.
Nearby Cities[edit | edit source]
Sardhana is in close proximity to several other notable cities and towns in the Meerut district. Some of the nearby urban centers include:
- Meerut - Located approximately xx kilometers away from Sardhana, Meerut is the district headquarters and a major commercial and educational hub in Uttar Pradesh.
- Mawana - Situated around xx kilometers from Sardhana, Mawana is known for its sugarcane industry and is an important agricultural town in the region.
Landmarks[edit | edit source]
The town of Sardhana is home to several historical landmarks and cultural attractions. Some of the notable places of interest include:
- Basilica of Our Lady of Graces - A magnificent church built during the reign of Begum Samru, showcasing a unique blend of Indian and European architectural styles.
Sardhana's geographical location, favorable climate, and historical significance make it a noteworthy town in the Meerut district of Uttar Pradesh.
Demographics[edit | edit source]
According to the 2001 India census,[4] the town of Sardhana has a diverse population representing various ethnicities and linguistic backgrounds.
Population[edit | edit source]
As of the 2001, the total population of Sardhana was approximately 47,970. The population has steadily increased over the years due to factors such as natural growth, migration, and urbanization.
Language[edit | edit source]
The primary language spoken in Sardhana is Hindi which serves as a common means of communication among the residents. Additionally, several other languages and dialects are also spoken in the town due to its cultural diversity.
Religion[edit | edit source]
Sardhana is home to people practicing various religions, making it a religiously pluralistic town. The major religions followed by the residents include are Jats, Brahmins, Rajput, Gurjar, Jains, Tyagis, and Muslims.. Places of worship for different faiths can be found throughout the town, contributing to its religious harmony.
Education and Literacy[edit | edit source]
Sardhana places great emphasis on education, and there are several educational institutions that cater to the needs of the local population. Literacy rates have improved over the years, and the town continues to make progress in providing quality education to its residents.
Economy[edit | edit source]
Sardhana's economy is diverse and relies on various sectors to sustain its growth and development.
Agriculture[edit | edit source]
Agriculture has been a significant contributor to Sardhana's economy for centuries. The fertile lands surrounding the town support the cultivation of crops such as wheat, rice, sugarcane, and vegetables. The agriculture sector not only provides livelihoods to a substantial portion of the population but also supplies essential food resources to the region.
Small-scale Industries[edit | edit source]
Sardhana is home to several small-scale industries that play a vital role in the local economy. These industries are engaged in manufacturing activities, including textiles, pottery, handicrafts, and metalwork. They not only cater to the domestic market but also contribute to the regional trade.
Trade and Commerce[edit | edit source]
As a prominent town in the region, Sardhana serves as a commercial hub for nearby rural areas. The town's markets and commercial centers attract traders and buyers from surrounding villages, fostering local trade and commerce. Additionally, Sardhana is strategically located along major transportation routes, facilitating the movement of goods to and from the town.
Religious Tourism[edit | edit source]
Sardhana's historical and cultural significance, particularly the presence of the Basilica of Our Lady of Graces, attracts a steady stream of religious tourists. The influx of visitors to the basilica supports the local hospitality industry, including hotels, restaurants, and shops selling religious souvenirs.
Services Sector[edit | edit source]
With the growth of the town's population and economic activities, the services sector has witnessed a notable expansion. Various service-oriented businesses, including healthcare, education, banking, and transportation, contribute significantly to Sardhana's economy.
Government and Public Sector[edit | edit source]
The presence of government offices and institutions also contributes to the local economy. These establishments provide employment opportunities and support administrative functions within the town and its surroundings.
Employment and Livelihoods[edit | edit source]
A considerable portion of Sardhana's population is employed in agriculture and small-scale industries. The services sector, including education and healthcare, also offers employment opportunities to the local workforce. Additionally, religious tourism generates income for those involved in the hospitality and retail sectors.
Future Prospects[edit | edit source]
Sardhana's strategic location and historical appeal make it a promising destination for potential investment and economic growth. As the town continues to develop, efforts to diversify the economy and promote sustainable practices will play a crucial role in shaping its future.
Places of Interest[edit | edit source]
Basilica of Our Lady of Graces[edit | edit source]
The Basilica of Our Lady of Graces, also known as Sardhana Church, is one of the prominent landmarks in Sardhana. Constructed during the reign of Begum Samru in the 18th century, this magnificent church stands as a testimony to the architectural brilliance and religious tolerance of that era. The basilica combines Indian and European architectural styles, making it a unique and awe-inspiring structure. It is an important pilgrimage site for Christians and a popular tourist attraction.[5]
Sardhana Fort[edit | edit source]
The Sardhana Fort is an ancient fortification located in the heart of Sardhana. Originally built during the medieval period, the fort has seen numerous renovations and additions over the centuries. It served as a strategic stronghold during various historical conflicts and played a vital role in the defense of the region. Today, the fort stands as a historical reminder of Sardhana's past and offers visitors a glimpse into the town's military history.
Samru Park[edit | edit source]
Samru Park is a serene and picturesque public park located in Sardhana. Named after the legendary Begum Samru, the park is adorned with lush greenery, colorful flowers, and well-manicured lawns, providing a tranquil escape from the hustle and bustle of the town. It is a popular spot for locals and tourists alike to relax, enjoy leisurely walks, and spend quality time with family and friends.
St. Matthew's Church[edit | edit source]
St. Matthew's Church is another significant religious site in Sardhana. Built during the British colonial era, this Anglican church showcases exquisite British architecture. The church's elegant design and historical importance make it a noteworthy attraction for architecture enthusiasts and history buffs.
Sardhana Market[edit | edit source]
The Sardhana Market is a bustling commercial hub where locals and visitors can explore a variety of shops, stalls, and eateries. It offers a glimpse into the town's vibrant local culture and provides an opportunity to buy traditional handicrafts, textiles, and other souvenirs.
Education[edit | edit source]
Sardhana boasts a well-established educational infrastructure, catering to the academic needs of its residents and students from nearby areas. The town is home to several schools, colleges, and educational institutions offering diverse learning opportunities.
Schools[edit | edit source]
- KK Public School
- Dron Public School
- St Javier World School
- Kadam Public School
Colleges and Higher Education Institutions[edit | edit source]
- St.Charles' Inter College
- ST. JOSEPHS GIRLES DEGREE B.Ed. College
- Mahaveer College of Pharmacy
- P S College of Education
- Church digree college
Vocational Training and Skill Development[edit | edit source]
Apart from conventional academic institutions, Sardhana also provides opportunities for vocational training and skill development. Various vocational training centers and skill development institutes offer courses in fields such as computer applications, healthcare, and craftsmanship.
Promoting Education[edit | edit source]
The local government and community organizations play an active role in promoting education and literacy in Sardhana. Initiatives like scholarships, educational workshops, and awareness campaigns are conducted to encourage and support students from all backgrounds.
Notable People[edit | edit source]
- Begum Samru - A prominent historical figure, Begum Samru was of Armenian descent and rose to power as a powerful ruler and military leader in Sardhana during the 18th and early 19th centuries. She founded the principality of Sardhana and played a significant role in the region's history.
- Anuj Kumar Taliyan - Anuj Kumar Taliyan (हवलदार अनुज कुमार) is an Indian professional bodybuilder and a serving Havildar in the Indian Army esteemed Madras Engineer Group. Born in Chhur village, Uttar Pradesh. He won gold medal at the 11th World Bodybuilding Championships that was held at the Jeju Island in South Korea at November 2019. He is one of the most successful bodybuilders in India. He has won many national and International titles.[6]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Epic Proportion: Sardhana - There’s more to Sardhana than the church.. The Economic Times, 6 March 2008.
- ↑ The Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 22, p. 105, Oxford, 1908. Retrieved from here
- ↑ Sardhana to find a new place on tourism map by Atiq Khan. The Hindu, 31 August 2007.
- ↑ "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)" Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 16 June 2004. Retrieved 1 November 2008.
- ↑ Church that Begum Samru built The Tribune, 11 November 2007.
- ↑ Havildar Anuj Kumar wins gold in World Bodybuilding Championships
